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Ketamine - 7
Doses, Routes of Administration
Ketamine may be administered by the intravenous, intramuscular, oral, rectal, or nasal routes. (Ketamine has also been administered in the epidural and intrathecal spaces to achieve analgesia.)
General Anesthesia
- Intravenous induction: 0.5 - 2 mg/kg -> peak effect in 30-60 seconds
- Intramuscular induction: 4 - 10 mg/kg -> onset 5 minutes, peak 20 minutes
- Maintenance: 0.5 - 1 mg/kg IV prn
Or, better: 20 - 90 mcg/kg/min IV infusion
- For TIVA may also be conveniently infused continuously IV in propofol:ketamine (4:1) mixture (e.g. propofol 200 mg + ketamine 50 mg)
- may be wise to reduce dose in elderly patients
Sedation/analgesia
- 0.2 - 0.8 mg/kg IV
- 2 - 4 mg/kg IM
- 5 - 10 mcg/kg/min IV infusion
Pediatric sedation-anesthesia:
Bioavailability *
| Route
| % bioavailability
| Nasal |
50 |
| Oral |
20 |
| IM |
90 |
| Rectal |
25 |
| Epidural |
77 |
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